Kai Bo̍k-su ê Toān-kı̀ 01

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Tē it chiuⁿ 
1. Chhian-soá khı̀ Ka-ná-tāi khiā-khí. 
Kai Bo̍k-su ê pē-bú goân-pún sı̄ khiā-khí tı̄ So͘-kek-lân ê Sutherlandshire. Tı̄ 1830 nı̂ ū tùi chit só͘-chāi chhian-soá khı̀ tiàm tı̄ Ka-ná-tāi. Hit-ê in-toaⁿ sı̄ ūi-tio̍h tng hit-sı̂ tú-tú sı̄ tı̄ hit só͘-chāi ê choh-sit-lâng ū jiá-khí kiáu-jiáu ê sū-kiāⁿ, tāi-ke tú-tio̍h chin chhiⁿ-chhám, choē-choē ê ka-ok kap pài-tn̂g siū in ê húi-hoāi, koh lâng sí chin-choē, khoàⁿ tio̍h án-ni i ê pē-bú nn̄g lâng chham-siông chiah soá-khı̀ Ka-ná-tāi khiā-khí . Āu-lâi chı̍t ke thoân-oân, hu-hū hô-ha̍p, koh ū tit-tio̍h la̍k-ê kiáⁿ. Kai Bo̍k-su chiū-sı̄ soah-bé kiáⁿ. 
In só͘ khiā-khí ê só͘-chāi sǹg sı̄ sin khai-khún--ê, só͘-í ta̍k-jı̍t tùi thiⁿ tú-kng ê sı̂ chiū ū thiaⁿ-tio̍h chhò chhiū-á kap phoà-chhâ ê siaⁿ, ia̍h kàu ê-hng sı̂ chiū tı̄ chhù-nı̍h ê chiu-ûi thang khoàⁿ-kı̀ⁿ sio chhâ-chháu ê hé-ian tı̍t-tı̍t chhèng kàu moá-thiⁿ. Taⁿ beh hō͘ chit khoán chhı̀-á-po͘ kap chhiū-nâ ê khòng-iá lâi pı̀ⁿ-choè pûi-toē, che chiū-sı̄ tng-sı̂ chhian-soá khı̀ hia khiā-khí ê lâng ê bo̍k-tek kap in it-seng ê toā sū-gia̍p. Chóng-sı̄ in iáu chı̍t hāng ê toā sū-gia̍p chiū-sı̄ ná khai-khún thó͘-toē ná chı̄n-la̍t tı̄ soan-thoân Chú ê hok-im. In tāi-ke khí-thâu ū kéng chı̍t ê chin kèng-khiân koh láu-sı̍t ê lâng choè in kàu-hoē ê bo̍k-su, thang kà-sı̄ in lóng-chóng ê gín-ná tha̍k Sèng-chheh, kap ín-chhoā in oē hiáu kèng-thiàⁿ Siōng-tè kap chhim-sı̀n--I. Lūn hit-sı̂ in teh kà-sı̄ gín-ná khiok bô ū it-tēng ê cho͘-chit-hoat, chóng-sı̄ ūi-tio̍h chit-ê Bo̍k-su ê jia̍t-sim kó͘-bú, toā-toā ū kek-chhíⁿ chheng-liân-poè ê lâng ê liông-sim, só͘-í tùi chit keng soè-soè keng ê pài-tn̂g lâi hiàn-sin beh choè thoân Chú ê hok-im kàu chı̍t-sı̀-lâng ê ū 40 lâng. 
2. Lūn Kai Bo̍k-su ê chhut-sı̀ kap chı̀-goān thoân-tō ê sū. 
Kai Bo̍k-su tú-tú sı̄ chiàu téng-bı̄n só͘ kóng tı̄ hit khoán kéng-gū tiong lâi chhut-sı̀, i chhut-sı̀ sı̄ tı̄ 1844 nı̂ 3 ge̍h 21 jı̍t. I tı̄ soè-soè hàn ê sı̂ chiū put-sı̂ tùi i ê lāu-bú thiaⁿ tio̍h Iâ-so͘ ê tāi-chı̀, só͘-í ta̍k-hāng i lóng ū kı̀ jı̍p tı̄ sim--nı̍h. Kàu 10 hè ê sı̂ i chiū chı̀-goān chiong-lâi ài beh choè Chú ê kang, chı̍t-sı̀ lâng lâi thoân I ê chin-lí hō͘ lâng thiaⁿ. Hit-sı̂ tú-tú ū chı̍t ê chhut-sûn ê Bo̍k-su, chiū-sı̄ Hok-kiàn-séng Pin Ui-liâm Soan-kàu-su khı̀ Ka-ná-tāi thoân tō-lí, ia̍h sūn-lō͘ ū lâi in tiàm ê só͘-chāi soat-kàu, put-chí ū kám-tōng tio̍h Kai Bo̍k-su ê sim, só͘-í chhiâⁿ i ài thoân tō-lí ê sim it-hoat kian-kò͘. 
Āu-lâi i tı̄ Wo͘dstock Grammar Scho͘l (Bo̍k-hān Bûn-hoat ha̍k-hāu) teh tha̍k-chheh ê sı̂, á-sı̄ tı̄ To-lun-to teh choè gē-su̍t ê liān-sı̍p-seng ê sı̂, á-sı̄ chhin-chhiūⁿ tı̄ í-goā kúi-nā só͘-chāi teh choè Bo̍k-su ê kiàn-sı̍p-seng ê sı̂-chūn, i ia̍h siông-siông ū khǹg ài beh khı̀ goā-pang thoân tō-lí ê sim tı̄-teh. Án-ni i ū kè-sio̍k i khí-thâu ê sim-chı̀ lâi choè Bo̍k-su, ia̍h chin chhut la̍t thoân tō-lí tı̄ chhân-chng ê só͘-chāi, chóng-sı̄ Iâ-so͘ kóng, “Lín tio̍h khı̀ phó͘-thiⁿ-ē thoân hok-im hō͘ bān peh-sı̀ⁿ”, i siūⁿ tio̍h chit kù ê kà-sı̄, chiū sim-koaⁿ chhin-chhiūⁿ chhı̀ teh chha̍k, só͘-í koat-sim tek-khak beh khı̀ goā-pang thoân-tō-lí, put kò tiām-tiām kan-ta teh tán ki-hoē kàu nā-tiāⁿ. 
3. Kai Bo̍k-su chhéng beh khı̀ goā-pang thoân tō-lí. 
Kai Bo̍k-su āu-lâi ū tùi Goā-kok Thoân-tō Úi-oân-hoē ê Hoē-tiúⁿ MacLaren pín-chhéng pún-sin ài hō͘ in phài khı̀ goā-pang thoân hok-im. Mac Laren chin toā chàn-sêng, ia̍h tı̄ Úi-oân-hoē ū the̍h-chhut būn-toê lâi chham-siông, chóng-sı̄ khah choē ê hoē-oân lūn goā-kok thoân tō-lí ê keng-giām ū khah chió, só͘-í m̄-káⁿ sûi-sı̂ koat-tēng, kan-ta kóng chiah beh koh chim-chiok, só͘-í tio̍h chhiáⁿ koh tán chit-nn̄g nı̂ kú. I lı̄-iōng chit-ê sı̂-kan ài beh koh gián-kiù Sı̂n-ha̍k khah cheng-kong, só͘-í ū khı̀ Eng-kok. So͘-kek-lân ê Sı̂n-ha̍k Phok-sū Duff, i ê miâ-siaⁿ chá-cha chiū ū thiaⁿ tio̍h, só͘-í Kai Bo̍k-su khı̀ pài i choè sian-siⁿ, ia̍h hit-ê Phok-sū kám-sim i ê chı̀-khı̀, put-chí hoaⁿ-hí koh chhut-la̍t chí-tō i. Kai Bo̍k-su ia̍h ū gián-kiù Tang-iûⁿ ê gú-ha̍k, kap Pu̍t-kàu chham Pho-lô-bûn-kàu ê keng-tián. Chhin-chhiūⁿ án-ni i chin bián-kióng teh pı̄-pān āu-lâi beh khı̀ goā-pang thoân tō-lí ê sū. 
Tı̄ 1871 nı̂ i ū tit-tio̍h ki-hoē thang khı̀ Sutherland thàm in chó͘-sian ê bōng. Tı̄ chit sı̂-chūn i ê sin-khu-piⁿ í-keng lóng bô poàⁿ sián lah, chhù-nı̍h iū-koh sàn. Só͘-í i put-chí ū khoà-lū ka-kı̄ ê chiân-tô͘, tú-tú kàu chhù ê sı̂ tı̄ toh-téng ū chı̍t tiuⁿ phoe, sûi-sı̂ thiah khí-lâi khoàⁿ, chiah chai lāi bı̄n só͘ kóng ê lóng sı̄ koan-hē goā-kok thoân tō-lí ê sū, chiū-sı̄ kóng i í-chêng só͘ pín-chhéng ài beh khı̀ goā-pang thoân tō-lí ê sū í-keng tı̄ Úi-oân-hoē ū gı̄-tiāⁿ kàu Chóng-hoē ê sı̂ beh the̍h-chhut-lâi phài i choè sian-hong-tūi, khı̀ goā-kok thoân tō-lí ê gı̄-àn. I khoàⁿ tio̍h chit tiuⁿ phoe hoaⁿ-hí kàu boē kóng tit, chek-sı̂ kap Duff Phok-sū saⁿ-sı̂ kín tah chûn tńg-khı̀ Ka-ná-tāi. 
4. Chóng-hoē ū ún-chún kap Kai Bo̍k-su pı̄-pān beh khı̀ goā-kok thoân tō-lí ê sū. 
Tı̄ 6 ge̍h tē-jı̄ ê pài-la̍k, chiàu Mac Laren só͘ thong-ti ū chū-chı̍p Chóng-hoē tı̄ Qoebec Hú. Tùi goā-kok Thoân-tō Úi-oân the̍h-chhut chêng ê gı̄-àn kap ká-tēng beh phài Kai Bo̍k-su khı̀ ê só͘-chāi, chiū-sı̄ Ìn-tō͘, tı̄-hia ū nn̄g só͘-chāi kap Tiong-kok chit saⁿ-ūi, kı̂-tiong ia̍h ū kéng koat-tēng ê só͘-chāi, kap chham pò-kò-su hiàn hō͘ Chóng-hoē khoàⁿ soà chhéng-mn̄g in ê ı̀-kiàn. Tı̄ hit jı̍t chhut-se̍k ê lâng lóng ū chàn-sêng chit chân ê gı̄-àn, kap soà bēng-lēng To-lun-to Kàu-hoē lâi chún pı̄ jı̄m-bēng kap phài-khián téng-téng ê sū. 
Pêng-sò͘ só͘ khǹg ê chı̀-khı̀ í-keng hián-chhut ê jı̍t kàu lah, só͘-í Kai Bo̍k-su hoaⁿ-hí kàu boē-kò͘-tit. Tı̄ chit sı̂-chūn sui-bóng tı̄ Ka-ná-tāi teh thoân tō-lí ê lâng chin-choē, m̄-kú iáu-bô ū lâng ài chı̀-goān khı̀ chhian-sin bān-khó͘, chiū-sı̄ thang kóng sı̄ iá-bân bông-moē ê Tang-iûⁿ thoân tō-lí. Só͘-í lūn chit khoán ê chı̀-bōng thang kóng sı̄ Kai Bo̍k-su choè tē-it tāi-seng. 
Tı̄ hit-sı̂ Kai Bo̍k-su sı̄ choè goā-pang thoân-tō ê thâu chı̍t-ê Bo̍k-su, só͘-í ū khui chı̍t-tiûⁿ ê bêng-ū ián-soat. Thèng-chiòng khiok tāi-ke put-chí kám-sim i ū hiàn-sin-tek ê ióng-khı̀, chóng-sı̄ ia̍h sı̄ put-chí ū teh thoè i hoân-ló chiân-tô͘ ê gûi-hiám. Kàu i ián-soat soah ū chhiáⁿ Bí-kok Tiúⁿ-ló Kàu-hoē ê tāi-piáu, chiū-sı̄ Niú-iok ê Iok hān Bo̍k-su chiūⁿ tâi-téng lâi thoè i kı̂-tó. 
Chóng-sı̄ Kai Bo̍k-su sui-bóng ū hō͘ Chóng-hoē phài i beh khı̀ goā-pang thoân tō-lí, m̄-kú m̄-sı̄ Ka-ná-tāi lóng-chóng ê kàu-hoē ū siâng-sim chàn-sêng, in-ūi Ka-ná-tāi hit-sı̂ kàu-hoē ê chōng-thāi sı̄ sı̀-hun gō͘-lı̍h, kap pa̍t-ūi siâng-khoán lóng bô thóng-it tı̄-teh. Só͘-í Kai Bo̍k-su nā ài hō͘ i ka-kı̄ ê thoân-tō kè-oē ū cha̍p-hun ê kian-kò͘ kap ū chhiong-chiok ê keng-hùi, tio̍h ài tùi ta̍k-ūi ê kàu-hoē khı̀ iû-soè, ǹg-bāng in tàu pang-chān chiah oē-tit sêng-kong. Só͘-í Kai Bo̍k-su tio̍h chhut-goā hóng-mn̄g sı̀-soàⁿ ê kàu-hoē, ū só͘-chāi put-chí chàn-sêng kap hoan-gêng, chóng-sı̄ ū só͘-chāi chiū bô chhin-chhiūⁿ án-ni. Kai-chài āu lâi ū tú-tio̍h chı̍t ê bat khı̀ A-hui-lı̄-ka tāi-lio̍k thoân tō-lí ê Soan-kàu-su, put-chí kám-sim kap tông-chêng, só͘-í chióng-lē Kai Bo̍k-su kóng, “Lí tek-khak m̄-bián siuⁿ tio̍h-boâ, chiàu lí chit-tia̍p só͘ bō͘-chı̍p ê chı̂ⁿ-gia̍h chiū hó, kín pı̄-pān chhut-hoat ê sū, in-ūi tek-khak ū chı̍t jı̍t oē chiâⁿ lí ê sim-chı̀.” 
5.Kai Bo̍k-su chhut-hoat kap kàu Tiong-kok. 
Tı̄ 9 ge̍h 19 jı̍t To-lûn-to Kàu-hoē ū chiàu Tāi-hoē ê gı̄-koat lâi kú-hêng jı̄m-bēng Kai Bo̍k-su choè goā-pang thoân-tō ê Bo̍k-su se̍k. Tı̄ 10 ge̍h tiong i chiū lı̄-khui kò͘-hiong, ia̍h tùi tng-sı̂ lâng-lâng só͘ teh kiaⁿ-hiâⁿ ê Tiong-kok thoân-tō ê lō͘-chām lâi chhut-hoat, hit-sı̂ tú sı̄ 10 ge̍h 19 hō. Siāng nı̂ ê 11 ge̍h 1 jı̍t i tùi Song-káng tah A-bí-lı̄-ka hō ê khı̀-chûn lâi Tiong-kok. Tı̄ chûn-lāi lóng bô poàⁿ ê tâng-phoāⁿ, kan-ta i chı̍t ê teh mō͘-hiám beh chı̀n-jı̍p bē-bat kàu koh-iūⁿ kok ê toē-kài, sı̍t-chāi hit-sı̂ i ê sim kám-khài bû-liōng. Sui-bóng sı̄ hiah-nı̍h ióng-kám ê lâng, iáu-kú tı̄ beh lı̄-khui pún-kok ê sı̂, àm-chı̄ⁿ ba̍k-sái lâu boē sǹg-tit. I ēng MacLaren só͘ sàng ê Sèng-chheh hian khui tha̍k i só͘ siá tı̄ thâu chı̍t-bı̄n ê si lâi choè ka-kı̄ ê ùi-an. Koh i tha̍k tio̍h Sèng-chheh kóng, “Siōng-tè sı̄ choè lí tô-siám ê chhù kap la̍t;” á-sı̄ koh kóng, “Khoàⁿ ah, goá put-sı̂ kap lí tı̄-teh.” Chiah-ê Sèng-keng kù lâi tit-tio̍h an-ùi. 
Koh-chài i tı̄ chûn-lāi tit-tio̍h chin-choē koan-hē Tang-iûⁿ ê tı̀-sek. In-ūi tı̄ hit chiah chûn-lāi ū chin-choē koan-hē Tang-iûⁿ ê chheh. Tiong-kan siá kúi-nā pún khah chhut-miâ ê : 1. “Tiong-kok lâng ê siā-hoē seng-oa̍h” (Justus Do͘little, the Social Life of the Chinese). 2. “Tiong-hoâ” (Wells Williams, the Middle Kengdom). 3. “Tiong-kok kap Tiong-kok lâng” (John L. Wevius, China and Chinese). 4. “Tiong-kok kap Ha̍p-chiòng kok” (Spears, China and the United-States). Só͘-í i tı̄ chûn-nı̍h nā ū sı̂-kan khah choē lóng sı̄ teh khoàⁿ chiah-ê chheh. Tùi khui chûn liáu 26 jı̍t kú chiū kàu Jı̍t-pún ê Hoâiⁿ-pin, hit-sı̂ sı̄ Kai Bo̍k-su thâu chı̍t-pái chhin-ba̍k khoàⁿ-kı̀ⁿ Tang-iûⁿ lâng ê seng-oa̍h chōng-thāi. I koh tùi Jı̍t-pún tah chûn khı̀ Hiong-káng, tùi hia chiūⁿ-lio̍k, só͘-í ū khı̀ Kńg-tang kap Soàⁿ-thâu sı̄-chhat Tiong-kok thoân-tō ê chōng-hóng, soà sı̀-koè teh kéng i pún-sin beh tiàm ê só͘-chāi. 
Kai Bo̍k-su iáu-bē kàu-ūi ê tāi-seng, Ka-ná-tāi Goā-kok Thoân-tō Úi-oân-hoē ū seng siá phoe hō͘ Tiong-kok ê Eng-kok Tiúⁿ-ló-hoē chhiáⁿ in tàu siat-hoat, só͘-í tiàm tı̄ Soàⁿ-thâu ê Soan-kàu-su Dr. Thompson kap i choè-tı̄n. Ia̍h soà kóng-khí tı̄ Tiong-kok, Loē-tē thoân-tō ê te̍k-sek hō͘ i thiaⁿ, koh khó͘-khǹg i tio̍h tiàm hia saⁿ-kap choè kang, chóng-sı̄ Kai Bo̍k-su kóng ū thiaⁿ-tio̍h Tâi-oân Pak-pō͘ iáu-bē bat siat-kàu ê sū, só͘-í i tio̍h seng lâi Tâi-oân liáu-āu chiah beh koat-tēng só͘-chāi. 
6.Kai Bo̍k-su kàu Tâi-oân kap tiàm Tām-súi. 
Kai Bo̍k-su ū koh tah-chûn kàu Ē-mn̂g beh tùi hia lâi Tâi-oân. Só͘-í tùi Ē-mn̂g koh tah chı̍t chiah soè chiah-ê chûn lâi Táⁿ-káu. Tı̄ 12 ge̍h 30 jı̍t kàu-ūi chiū chiūⁿ-lio̍k beh khı̀ kı̀ⁿ Rev. Hugh Ritche (Lí Bo̍k-su), i sı̄ Eng-kok Tiúⁿ-ló-kàu ê Soan-kàu-su, só͘-í ǹg-bāng i oē tàu pang-chān. Lí Bo̍k-su ū chin chhin-chhiat kā i kóng-khí Tâi-oân ê hêng-sè kap peh-sı̀ⁿ ê sèng-chit, koh ū chhiáⁿ sian-siⁿ kà i pún-toē oē. 
Chhin-chhiūⁿ án-ni tiàm i hia iok saⁿ ge̍h jı̍t kú, Lí Bo̍k-su khoàⁿ-kı̀ⁿ Kai Bo̍k-su í-keng sió-khoá oē hiáu kóng pún-toē oē, chiah kap Tek I-seng (Dr. Dickson) saⁿ lâng tùi Tâi-lâm-hú khí-sin tah chûn lâi Tām-súi. Tú-tú beh kàu Tām-súi ê sı̂, tı̄ kah-pán-téng khoàⁿ-kı̀ⁿ Tām-súi ê hong-kéng, san-súi bêng-mı̄, koh tı̄ soaⁿ-téng ê chhiū-ba̍k chin-choē, ia̍h tùi-bı̄n-hoāⁿ ū Koan-im soaⁿ kap tı̄ chiu-ûi choē-choē ê soaⁿ-lui saⁿ-khan saⁿ-thoa, sı̍t-chāi hit-ê kéng-tı̀ m̄-sı̄ tı̄ Táⁿ-káu hia só͘ oē pí-tit. Lí Bo̍k-su tah Kai Bo̍k-su ê keng-thâu kóng, “Lí ê koán-hat khu-he̍k sı̍t-chāi súi kàu-ke̍k.” Koh bô kú chûn chiū kàu Tām-súi. Keh-jı̍t Kai Bo̍k-su kap Lí Bo̍k-su chham Tek I-seng 3 lâng choè-tı̄n khı̀ sûn in ê koán-hat khu-he̍k kap soà sı̄-chhat lāi-toē ê sū-chêng chham chim-chiok i ka-kı̄ ê kài-hān khu-he̍k. Chit-pái ê chhut-goā iok ū 3 lé-pài khah ke, keng-kè choē-choē kan-khó͘, kàu-bé ū kàu Toā-siā, chiah kap in nn̄g-ūi saⁿ-sı̂ koh tńg-lâi Tām-súi. 
Tńg-lâi liáu-āu chiū sè chı̍t keng chhù, chóng-sı̄ chit keng chhù goân-pún sı̄ khí beh hō͘ Chi-ná peng choè bé-tiâu. Chhù sı̄ khí tı̄ soaⁿ-á-kha, in-ūi sı̄ ku̍t soaⁿ-á lâi khí--ê. Chêng-bı̄n kè chı̍t-tiâu sió kau-á chiū thàu kàu toā-lō͘. Khı̀-hāu nā chin joa̍h chiū chhù-lāi ê khong-khı̀ chin hip, chóng-sı̄ nā lo̍h-hō͘ ê sı̂ chiū tùi soaⁿ-á lâu chúi tùi chêng ê khoe-á lo̍h-khı̀. Sı̍t-chāi joa̍h ê sı̂ ke̍k-joa̍h, lo̍h-hō͘ ê sı̂ ke̍k sip, chin-chiàⁿ sı̄ kan-khó͘ tiàm ê só͘-chāi. 
Taⁿ hit keng chhù ê lāi-tiong chı̍t keng sı̄ ēng hiā khàm--ê, koh chı̍t keng sı̄ ēng chho͘-chho͘ bô khau ê pang tèng--ê, í-goā ê lóng sı̄ ēng thô͘-kat khí--ê. Lūn Kai Bo̍k-su khí-thâu só͘ ū ê hêng-lí sı̄ kan-ta nn̄g kha toé mı̍h ê siuⁿ-á nā-tiāⁿ, chham Eng-kok Léng-sū chioh i chı̍t-pha ēng siah liâm ê teng kap chı̍t tè í-á, koh chı̍t téng bı̂n-chhn̂g. 
Taⁿ Kai Bo̍k-su sûi-sı̂ chhiàⁿ lâng khui thiⁿ-thang soà soé chhù-lāi kap ēng choá lâi pè piah, ia̍h koh chián chı̍t tè ê âng-nı̂-á pò͘ lâi choè mn̂g-lı̂, án-ni i ê jı̍p-chhù chheng-chhó lah. I ū siá tı̄ i 4 ge̍h 10 jı̍t ê jı̍t-chı̀ kóng, “Goá hō͘ Iâ-so͘ Ki-tok ín-chhoā lı̄-khui kò͘-hiong lâi tiàm tı̄ Tām-súi ê chhù, sı̄ ūi-tio̍h beh hē Kàu-hoē ê toē-ki lâi khǹg tı̄ ı̄ⁿ-kàu-tô͘ ê tiong-kan só͘ tı̀.’ I só͘ tiàm ê chhù sı̄ soè-soè keng koh bô chheng-khı̀ ê bé-tiâu, chóng-sı̄ i ū ēng i só͘ tit-tio̍h tām-po̍h ê pún-toē oē lâi-khai-sí i Tâi-oân pò͘-kàu ê toā sū-gia̍p.