(Kap Aiadis A. Ajubab Sio Chhiàng-siaⁿ)
Kóng-kàu Tâi-Hoâ, Hoâ-Tâi Tùi-e̍k
“Hoan-e̍k ū 2 hāng ài-kóng, tē 1 sı̄ chhòng-chok, tē 2 sı̄ khi-phiàn”, goá ê giô--ê Aiadis A. Ajubab án-ne kóng.
Goá bô siáⁿ beh sı̀n. Cháu khı̀ Tô͘-su-koán péng chheh.
Roman Jacobson kóng, “Tùi pún-té ê ı̀-sù lâi kóng, si-phian sı̄ bô hoat-tō͘ hoan-e̍k--ê (Poetry by definition is untranslatable), tú-á ē-sái ū chhòng-chok sèng ê chhiâu-soá (creative transposition).”
George Henry Lewes kóng, “Sui-bóng ū tē 1 gâu ê phah-piàⁿ, sêng-kong ê hoan-e̍k chok-phín chí put kò sı̄ chiap-kı̄n goân-tù nā-tiāⁿ. Chı̍t phiⁿ hoan-e̍k tú-á ē-sái chiâⁿ-chò chı̍t phiⁿ hó ê hoan-e̍k, liân beh chò chı̍t ê goân-tù ê hun-sin to bô khó-lêng (A translation may be go͘d as translation, but it can not be an adeqoate reproduction of the original).”
Lō͘-se-a ê 巴爾胡達羅夫 kóng, “100% ê sio-siāng sı̄ hoan-e̍k-chiá èng-kai cháu-chhoē--ê, m̄-kú iā-sı̄ éng-oán bô khó-lêng ta̍t-sêng ê bo̍k-phiau. Hiah-ê m̄-sı̄ hiān-sı̍t, ko͘-put-jı̄-chiong chí-sı̄ lí-sióng.”
É--e! Chit ê m̄-chiâⁿ Ajubab koh chin khiáu, lām-sám kóng--2-kù-á, soà pí hiah ê sè-kài tek ê ha̍k-chiá kóng liáu khah chheng-chhó, khah ū tiōng-tiám.
Kok-chióng gí-giân ū siā-hoē tek, bûn-hoà tek, kap chêng-kám piáu-tat ê bô tâng. Hoan-e̍k-chiá in-ūi bûn-hoà loē-iông, gí-hoat kiat-kò͘, kap chhòng-chok hong-keh kok-chióng tiâu-kiāⁿ ê cheng-chha, te̍k-pia̍t sı̄ koh-iūⁿ ê sêng-gí lia̍h m̄-tio̍h--khı̀, tâng sı̂-tāi ê sı̂-kiâⁿ bô lí-kái, he̍k-chiá sı̄ khı̀ khap hit-ê gí-giân ê kı̀m-kı̄, bô châi-tiāu thang ēng oân-choân ê sı̀n-sı̍t lâi e̍k-chhut goân-tù, bô sio-kāng ê só͘-chāi chóng--sı̄ ài ka-kı̄ pian, ka-kı̄ chhop. Kah-sı̄ án-ne, hoan-e̍k kiám m̄-sı̄ chı̍t khoán chhòng-chok? Kóng sím-mı̍h “tiong ı̂ goân-tù” m̄-sı̄ teh kóng hàm-oē? Ajubab kā se-kok ê “hamburger” hoan-chò Tâi-gí ê “hām-bah-kap”, “7-eleven” hoan-chò “7-jı̄ á ê kám-á-tiàm”, kā “Parkeng lot” hoan-chò “chhah-chhia-tiûⁿ”(m̄-sı̄ thêng-chhia-tiûⁿ), kiám m̄-sı̄ gâu koè goân-bûn ê chhòng-chok?
Ajubab kóng--ê, hoan-e̍k ê tē 2 hāng “khi-phiàn” kóng liáu jú khah chha̍k jı̍p-khı̀ sim-koaⁿ-íⁿ. Kı̀-jiân hoan-e̍k sı̄ chhòng-chok, e̍k-chok kap goân-tù bô khó-lêng kāng-khoán, iáu-kú tho̍k-chiá khoàⁿ bô goân-tù, iū-koh siong-sı̀n e̍k-chok kap goân-tù bô cheng-chha, án-ne kiám m̄-sı̄ khi-phiàn? Ajubab koh kóng, Chi-ná-kok hoan-e̍k pa̍t-kok-bûn siōng chá, siōng toā kui-bô͘--ê sı̄ Pu̍t-keng. Ìn-tō͘ Pu̍t-kàu ê “Nirvana”, Chi-ná-lâng kā hoan-chò “涅槃” (ı̀-sù sı̄ lêng-hûn bô siū jio̍k-thé ê cha̍h-tòng, chū-iû chū-chāi). Pu̍t-kàu lāi-bı̄n koh ū kóng Pu̍t-tô Sek-khia-mô͘-nı̂ 80 hoè koè-sin, chiòng tē-chú kóng chò “Grand Nirvana”, Chi-ná-lâng hoan-chò “圓寂”. Bêng-bêng “Grand Nirvana” sı̄ “Nirvana” choè ko chân ê kéng-kài, eng-kai kóng sı̄ “大涅槃” á-sı̄ “極涅槃” khah tio̍h, sı̄ án-choáⁿ kā hoan-chò “圓寂”? “Grand Nirvana” ê lāi-hâm kiám ū oân-boán, chēng-chek ê ı̀-sù tı̄--teh? Kóng Pu̍t-chó͘ sí liáu-āu kiò-chò “圓寂”, kiám sı̄ Chi-ná-lâng ka-kı̄ ê su-siúⁿ kap bûn-hoà, ngē beh piàⁿ tı̄ Ìn-tō͘-lâng ê Sek-khia sin-chiūⁿ kiám ē-thong? Nā bē thong, án-ne tio̍h sı̄ khi-phiàn.
Bat thiaⁿ-kóng ū ê goân-tù-chiá chin phok-kiat, kiàn-pái nā gū-tio̍h e̍k-chiá tio̍h beh kā lâng kóng, “Lí nā hoan-e̍k hó-sè, goá chiū beh kā lí ê e̍k-chok khe̍h lâi hō͘ bat lín ê jı̄ ê lâng, koh kā hoan-tńg-lâi goán ê bûn, khoàⁿ ū koh-iūⁿ bô.” Sui-bóng ū tām-po̍h-á teh chau-that--lâng, m̄-kú iáu sı̄ tùi hoan-e̍k-chiá chin hó ê chhı̀-liān. Hm̍h! Kiám ū khó-lêng chò 2 pái ê choán-piàn koh se̍h hoan-thâu tńg-lâi goân-tù? Bô siáⁿ khó-lêng. Kı̀-jiân kāng-ta̍t (equivalent) ê hoan-e̍k khang-khoè sı̄ hàm-kó͘, keng-koè 2 piàn koh jú m̄-bián kóng--lah. Bí-kok ê gâu-lâng Mark Twain ū kóng-khí i ê chı̍t pún siáu-soat tı̄ Hoat-kok bô sím-mı̍h lâng teh khoàⁿ, sı̄ in-ūi hoan-e̍k-pún thài bái só͘ chiâⁿ--ê. I tio̍h bat ka-kı̄ kā Hoat-bûn-pán the̍h-lâi hoan-tńg-lâi Eng-gí. Kiat-kó sı̄ oân-choân cháu-cheng--khı̀.
Nā án-ne beh chai-bat goā-kok bûn-hoà te̍k-sek, bûn-bêng chı̀n-pō͘ m̄ lóng ài seng-khı̀ o̍h-tio̍h in ê gí-bûn chiah ē-sái--tit? Án-ne iā bô thong. Sè-kài hiān-chhú-sı̂ ê gí-giân oá 6,000 chióng, nā koh kā í-keng bia̍t-bông--ê sǹg--loè chhiau-koè 150,000 chióng(David Crystal, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Langoage, 2nd ed, Cambridge). Ká-sú kóng hoan-e̍k sı̄ chhòng-chok kap khi-phiàn, lán tio̍h oân-choân bô hoat-tō͘ chai-iáⁿ lēng-goā chı̍t ê gí-cho̍k in ê su-siúⁿ kap bûn-hoà ê goân-chiap sı̍t-liāu?
Sı̄m-chı̀ koh ū chı̍t koá bûn-hoà chhàu-toāⁿ chú-gı̄ ê sió-sut-á, in chià-tio̍h hoan-e̍k hiah-ê chhn̂g-bó tài--lâi ê khiàm-khoeh, lâi kóng sím-mı̍h goân-sú gí-giân(chhin-chhiūⁿ Tâi-oân Goân-chū-bı̂n gí), kap bô bûn-jı̄ thoân-thóng ê chêng-hiān-tāi gí-giân(chhin-chhiūⁿ Tâi-oân Hō-ló-oē), bô hoat-tō͘ chhú-lí kı̄n-tāi kho-ki chhoā--lâi ho̍k-cha̍p koh chı̀n-pō͘ ê su-siúⁿ kap bûn-hoà. In kóng chit koá gí-giân khe̍h-lâi kóng chia̍h-pn̄g, sio-kàn, pàng-sái, o͘ⁿ-o͘ⁿ-khùn tú hó nā-tiāⁿ, choân-jiân toè bē tio̍h sı̂-tāi, sí hó--lah!
Kóng-tio̍h chiah--ê, goá tio̍h kui pak hoé. Chin-chiàⁿ àu-sái-lâng ba̍k-chiu tâⁿ khoàⁿ-ē-tio̍h sái niâ. Chián hó ê lí-lūn iā hō͘ in khe̍h lâi lā sái kiáu jiō! Roma Jacobson bat hō͘ lán chı̍t-ê khài-liām. Kok-chióng jı̂n-lūi ê sim-tı̀ oa̍h-tāng só͘ chō-chiâⁿ ê keng-giām ê lúi-chek kap su-khó ê thiah-bêng, lóng ē-sái ēng hiān-kin jı̄m-hô gí-giân lâi piáu-hiān. Nā ū sím-mı̍h khiàm-khoat ê só͘-chāi, ē-tàng ēng chioh-ēng-sû, sin-chō-sû, kap gí-ı̀ choán-oāⁿ lâi pó͘-kiù. Hoâi-tı̍t gí-giân to̍k-to̍k ū hiān-tāi kap chêng hiān-tāi ê pun-phiⁿ (ū su-bı̄n-gí á-bô), bô “goân-sú” kap “sian-chı̀n” ê keh-tn̄g, jı̄m-hô gí-giân lóng ū piáu-bêng chhin-chhiūⁿ tiān-náu, kè-sǹg-ki chit khoán kho-ki, á-sı̄ chong-kàu koa-khek hit khoán ū tiat-lí tek chok-phín ê iōng-sû kap khài-liām.
Koh lâi beh kóng-khí Tâi-Hoâ kap Hoâ-Tâi hoan-e̍k chit chân tāi-chı̀.
Chin chē lâng nā hō͘ lâng mn̄g khí bó͘ 1 ê Tâi-gí sû sı̄ sím-mı̍h ı̀-sù, khó-pí kóng “pa-kiat” sı̄ sím-mı̍h ı̀-sù, in lóng ē ı̀n kóng, “pa-chiê” âi! Mā ū lâng chı̍t thiaⁿ-tio̍h Tiong-hoâ hâng-khong kong-si koh chai hui-hêng-ki tio̍h kā in a-má kóng, koh ū “khong-lān” hoat-seng--ah.
Ki-pún siōng chit khoán ê chò-hoat hoān-tio̍h chin toā ê chhò-ngō͘. Nn̄g chióng chêng-hêng lóng siūⁿ beh chioh-ēng Hàn-jı̄ chò khan-kau-á lâi chiâⁿ Tâi-Hoâ á-sı̄ Hoâ-Tâi hoan-e̍k ê bo̍k-tek. Chêng chit-ê lē kā goân-pún ê gí-ı̀ chhòng m̄-tio̍h, āu-piah hit-ê lē sı̄ hoān-tio̍h Tâi-gí ê kı̀m-kı̄. Pa-kiat sı̄ ko͘-put-chiong ài bián-kióng, ài kian-kiông thun-lún ê ı̀-sù, m̄-sı̄ chhiūⁿ Hoâ-gí ê “pa-chiê” sı̄ kau-poê koân-sè, pù-hō͘, kā lâng phô͘ ê ı̀-sù. Āu-piah hit-ê lē, chai hui-ki tı̄ Hoâ-gí kiò-chò khong-tiong ê chai-lān, kán-tan chheng-ho͘ chò “khong-nán”. Nā hoan-e̍k chò “khong-lān”, hō͘ lâng lia̍h-chún sı̄ teh kóng “khong-khong gōng-gōng, chı̍t kho͘ ná lān--leh” hit khoán mē--lâng ê oē. Kāng-iūⁿ lán bô kā “ûn-chiih” hoan-chò “bûn-chú“, mā bô kā “hô͘-sı̂n” hoan-chò “hû-ı̂n”.
Beh siám-pı̄ chit khoán ê sit-ngō͘, tio̍h ài tàn-khı̀-sak chiàu Hàn-jı̄ lâi chò jı̄-tú-jı̄ ê hoan-e̍k (character-for-character), lâi chhái-kéng sû-tú-sû (word-for-word). Kí-lē kóng, pa-chiê hoan-chò phô͘-tháⁿ, phô͘ sian, á-sı̄ phô͘ lān-pha. Gí-hoat tek ê hoan-e̍k (literal translation), phı̀-jū kóng “uô͘ pı̂ nı̂ kau” hoan-chò “goá khah koân lí”. Gí-ı̀ tek ê hoan-e̍k (free translation), phı̀-lūn kóng “siô͘-mú put khô tiau iê” chò “sái-ha̍k-á pang bē chò-tit sı̂n-chú-pâi”. Tiāⁿ-tio̍h kā “thı̂n-chho-chhâng chò“chhah-chhia-tiûⁿ”,“khai-chho” kiò “sái-chhia”, “táu-chhâ” chò “thı̂n tê”, “táu ló-só” kiò “piàⁿ pùn-sò”. Tek-khak kā “ke-kang” hoan-chò “kong-chi”, “lâng-kheh” kiò “khó-jiı̂n”, “bı̍h-hún-chhá” chò “chhâu mı̂-hûn”, “tiáⁿ-piⁿ-sô” chò “鼎邊趖”, “hun-sái-khà” kiò “ian-hoe-kang”, “chàu-kha-ke” chò “chı̂n-tı̂ chi oa”, “hô͘-sı̂n poa̍h-lo̍h ám” kiò “jiı̂n oé chhâi siı̂, niâu oé siı̂ oâng”.
Bo̍k-koài Tēⁿ Jı̂-gio̍k bo̍k-su chhiāng-chāi teh kā lán kà-sı̄. “Tâi-gí ū niáu-chhú, bô in-chhú; ū phông-kó, bô jû-kó; ū seⁿ-sian, bô siú-sian”, tio̍h-sı̄ teh kā lán kóng m̄-thang ēng Hàn-jı̄ tı̍t-chiap chò Hoâ-Tâi hoan-e̍k.
Chiah-ê choân-pō͘ á-si pō͘-hūn chioh-ēng Hàn-jı̄ ê gí-cho̍k, phı̀-jū kóng Hoâ-gí, Tâi-gí, Kheh-gí, í-kı̍p Jı̍t-gí, in tiong-kan 2 chióng gí-giân beh tùi-e̍k ê sı̂, lóng ē tú-tio̍h siūⁿ beh chià-tio̍h kiōng-tông ê Hàn-jı̄, lâi chiâⁿ-chò hoan-e̍k ê phiat-pō͘. Kiat-kó sı̄ oân-choân kā ı̀-sù chhòng m̄-tio̍h--khı̀. Hàn-jı̄ keng-koè kúi chheng tang tı̄ kok gí-chok ê chioh-iōng, chhòng-jı̄, téng-téng ê ián-piàn, chá tio̍h hoe-lí-lo̍k-niau, beh án-choáⁿ koh chò hoan-e̍k ê tiong-lâng? Kóng--khí-lâi mā hó-chhiò, chit thò Khóng-chú-jı̄ khı̀ hō͘ Tâi-oân-lâng phô͘-chò Sèng-jı̂n-jı̄, kóng-sı̄ sím-mı̍h “hêng-thé, siaⁿ-im, ı̀-gı̄ lóng chiâⁿ-chò cha̍p-chn̂g oân-bí ê bûn-jı̄.” Toā-toā sè-hàn ê gín-á ūi-tio̍h beh ē-hiáu bat-jı̄, siá-jı̄, tùi khai-sí tha̍k-chheh ê chêng 6 tang, mê-jı̍t phah-piàⁿ liān jı̄n-jı̄, biô-jı̄, siá kah ē-sái kóng sı̄ khó͘-to̍k lán pó-poè ê siang-chhiú, siá kah Tâi-oân Han-chı̂-á ta̍k-ê lóng tı̄ tiong-cháiⁿ ê tò-chhiú-bı̄n, chéng chhut chı̍t lia̍p liû, ē-tit chiâⁿ-chò Tâi-oân lēng-goā chı̍t ê kı̂-chek: sè-kài siá-jı̄ koan-kun.
Bô siūⁿ kàu kóng chhin-chhiūⁿ Hàn-jı̄ chit khoán tô͘-siōng piáu-gı̄ bûn-jı̄, tı̄ 3,000 tang chêng, chá tio̍h hō͘ Hui-ni-ki lâng (Phoenician) tàn khı̀ le̍k-sú ê pùn-sò-tháng, ēng kı̀-lo̍k im-ūn ê pheng-im jı̄-bó lâi chhú-tāi--lah. Hui-ni-ki lâng hit-sı̂ chheng-pà Tē-tiong-hái hái-bı̄n, sè-le̍k tùi Au-chiu, A-chiu khoân-kàu Hui-chiu. In tùi Sumerian só͘ hoat-bêng ê hit-thò chhâ-chiⁿ-á bûn-jı̄ (wedge-shaped figures, sı̄ sè-kài siōng chá ê bûn-jı̄),bô êng, iā bô chhù-bı̄ kā ēng, chheng-ho͘ hit-khoán bûn-jı̄ ná-chhiūⁿ teh tiàu tiáⁿ-oe ê kau-á (potho͘k). In kóng hit-khoán tiáⁿ-kau-á-jı̄ sui-bóng khah súi, m̄-koh siá-ı̀n--khí-lâi sı̍t-chāi liáu gōng-kang. Chiong-kı̂-boé, in siat-kè 1 thò sin ê hē-thóng ēng 22 ê kán-tan, hó-siá ê piáu-im jı̄-bó lâi tāi-thè kúi-nā chheng ê ho̍k-cha̍p koh pháiⁿ-siá ê tô͘-siōng-jı̄.
Pài-thok--leh! Lán Tâi-oân-lâng tio̍h o̍h khah khiáu--leh! M̄-thang kiàn-pái tio̍h-sı̄ “chia̍h pē oá pē, chia̍h bú oá bú”, tek-khak ài soán-tek chèng-khak ê hong-hiòng, thè kiáⁿ-sun kiâⁿ-chhut chı̍t-tiâu oa̍h-lō͘. Kín-kín tháu-pak thâu-khak-téng hit-kho͘ “Hàn-jı̄” ê chiù-kim-kho͘, ām-kún-kin peⁿ hō͘ ngē, kha-chhng gia̍p hō͘ ân, ǹg-siōng ngiâ-chih choân tē-kiû-tek ê thiau-chiàn.
(Tâi-oân-jı̄ Cha̍p-chı̀ Tē 12 kı̂, 2002 nı̂ 3 ge̍h)
